Introduction In a recent lab exercise, I worked with GeoDa, developed by the University of Chicago Center for Spatial Data Science, to examine spatial structure in geographic data. The objective was not simply to map values, but to determine whether patterns were statistically clustered, dispersed, or random. A map shows distribution. Spatial analysis tests whether that distribution has structure. What

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Abstract This study examines the relationship between median rent in 2008 and the percentage of households with children in 2008 across New York City sub-boroughs. Exploratory spatial data analysis was conducted using GeoDa to assess the distribution of data, identify outliers, and evaluate statistical relationships among variables. Results indicate that median rent is positively skewed, while the percentage of households

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